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 Three point lighting.

Three point lighting is the most basic form of lighting. It is made up of the Key light, the Fill light and the Back light. Having lighting form three directions shapes your subject and sets them apart from their background. The key light is the light that registers most prominently in your frame. This light is the brightest light that you will see. The fill lights fill in the shadows on your face. Then the back light gives an edge to the rear of the subject.

Chiaroscuro:

This is a high contrast lighting technique. It uses a low key light set up, where a key light is used as the sole light source to achieve dark backgrounds with the subject lit up. This technique creates an opposing balance of light and dark giving characters, objects and settings on screen a sense of volume or mystery. The technique grew in popularity in the twentieth century as it was heavily utilized in film noirs and German expressionism films.

Tungsten lighting:

This is a form of incandescent illumination that incorporates pressurized halogen gas. Tungsten lamps operate much like the the filament based incandescent light bulbs that used to be the preferred bulbs for house lamps and lighting fixtures. They were also the most common lighting instrument for most of filmmaking history, only recently ceding ground to LED's s they are more energy efficient. Tungsten lighting can produce different effects at different colour temperature, such as indoor lighting and candle-light, simulated natural day and muted blue light. Some advantages of using tungsten lights are the stability, as the light that is emitted by the bulb has a wide spectrum, meaning that it can be continuously generated. It also is practical in the sense that it can adapt to these environments because of its diverse light sources. It also has different illumination methods such as scattering and diffusion. Next, because of its small light source, it can highlight the three dimensional sense of the object like a spotlight. Lastly, it has good colour rendering performance, as the light of the bulb is very close to sunlight, which isn't easy to cause visual errors and the spectrum is very uniform there is no glare. A disadvantage of the Tungsten lighting is that because the filament is heated during usage it will produce tungsten gas which will condenses